太空食品的变迁--长沙美食网

精彩食尚特色菜石姐调味吃界动向好店推荐休闲食趣食疗食补美食趣闻天下美食餐饮界投诉台餐饮打折超市速递

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太空食品的变迁

http://eat.csonline.com.cn 2005年10月19日16时14分星辰美食网

　　航天食品从本质上讲与地面普通食品是一样的，都是为人体提供能量和营养。为了节省飞船的空间和发射时的有效载荷，飞船携带的航天食品必须重量轻、体积小、营养好，而且不含残渣。

　　早期的太空食品是糊状食品，科学家们把人们所需的各类食物混在一起做成糊状物，用牙膏状塑料包装。吃的时候，用手挤塑料管，食品就可以被挤入口中。除了糊状食品外，还有复水食品和“一口吃”的食品。但是，航天员们感觉糊状食品口感不好；复水食品加水后不易软化；牙膏状的包装令人不舒服；“一口吃”食品在吃的过程中会喷出许多碎屑，不仅会弄脏周围仪器设备，还有可能吸入肺中，造成严重后果。

　　随着航天技术的发展，航天食品逐渐变得丰富起来，目前已有80多种，如火腿块、加汁牛肉、柠檬布丁、果冻、小点心、果汁等，它们的水分含量和地面吃的食品相同。如果是在国际空间站，还有冷藏食品、冷冻食品、调味品等。同时，还可根据航天员各自的饮食习惯制定食谱。

　　我国航天员的食品也是相当丰富，有20余种食品可供选择。除了鱼肉类罐头、面包等，还有鱼香肉丝，宫爆鸡丁等中式菜及饮料、饼干、月饼等。我国航天员爱喝茶，因此，除了橙汁等饮料外，还可喝上冰红茶、绿茶等。

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