古代的美食小故事--长沙美食网

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古代的美食小故事

http://eat.csonline.com.cn 2008年01月08日11时0分星辰美食网

　　饮食小故事有些反映了中国人崇尚高贵的品德与情操：如伯夷、叔齐的"义不食周粟"，采薇于首阳山；"孔融让梨"显爱心......

　　有些典故反映了我国人民生活的观点：如"张翰千里思卢鲈"，家乡的美味远远胜过勾心斗角的仕宦生活，将中国老庄崇尚自由的人生观表现无馀。

　　尚有许多表现政治的，如“伊尹以味说商汤”；表现烹饪水平的如"厨娘运斤成风"，这些都直接或间接表现了中国人丰富多彩的饮食生活。

　　伊尹以美食之道谈治理国家

　　伊尹在平民时就以才能和厨艺高超而名闻四方。商汤听说后，向他询问天下大事。伊尹从烹调的技术要领和烹调理论，引出治国平天下的道理。

　　商汤听后心悦诚服。后来，汤尊伊尹为宰相，并在他的辅佐下，讨伐夏桀，建立了商朝。

　　伊尹以美味来讨论治国的道理。老子也曾说过：治大国如烹小鲜。凡事物的至理，大都暗合于道。虽然饮食只是小道，一旦达到极至，也包含天下的至理。"虽小道亦有其可观之处"，此之谓欤。

　　染指于鼎

　　楚国向郑灵公进献一只鼋。郑灵公非常高兴，便令厨子烹煮作羹。正巧公子宋与子家来到殿前。公子宋食指大动，于是悄声对大家说："我每次食指大动都能尝到珍奇美味，这次君王一定把美味分与大家。"

　　及至入殿见厨师正解割大鼋，便相视而笑。灵公很奇怪，便问，大家据实相告。灵公听后不悦，暗想：我不赐予你，无论你食指怎么动，也是没用。

　　鼋羹煮好后，灵公招来许多大臣，赐予他们鼋羹。最后宋灵公才召见公子宋，却没有赐食鼋羹。公子宋大怒，不顾一切的将食指伸入鼎中蘸食鼋羹后拂袖而去，灵公暴跳如雷，声称非杀掉公子宋不可。

　　公子宋回家后也怒气难消，又听说灵公要杀他，便先杀死灵公，报了未赐鼋羹之恨。郑国在经历了一场混乱之后又重新建立了一个国家，公子宋亦由于谋杀国君被诛。后人将此事浓缩为成语"染指于鼎"比喻沾取非分的利益。

　　此事虽起于口腹之欲，然而最终则导致一个国家陷于水火之中。由这个小故事便可知道古圣人的"去人欲，存天理"，"克己复礼"实在是治国平天下的根本呀！虽口腹之欲，纵容它，也会成为日后杀身的隐患！

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