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圣诞节趣味小常识

http://eat.csonline.com.cn 2007年12月12日16时45分星辰美食网

　　圣诞树 Christmas Tree

　　据称，圣诞树最早出现在古罗马12月中旬的农神节，德国传教士尼古斯在公元8世纪用纵树供奉圣婴。随后，德国人把12月24日作为亚当和夏娃的节日，在家放上象征伊甸园的“乐园树”，上挂代表圣饼的小甜饼，象征赎罪；还点上蜡烛，象征基督。到16世纪，宗教改革者马丁.路德，为求得一个满天星斗的圣诞之夜，设计出在家中布置一颗装着蜡烛的圣诞树。

　　圣诞卡 Christmas Card

　　世界上第一张圣诞卡是1843年英国人亨利.高乐爵士提议，由约翰.卡尔葛荷斯利设计的。卡片上画的是一个贵族家庭，三代人一齐举杯对一位不在场的亲友表示祝贺。当时他印了1000张，没有用完的印刷厂就以每张1先令的价钱卖出。圣诞卡就这样诞生了。

　　圣诞歌 Christmas Songs

　　圣诞歌曲曲目不断丰富，我们最熟悉的就是"Jingle Bell"，为欧美国家所喜闻乐见的还有：Adeste Fidelis、Angles We Have Heard On High、Angels Watching Over Me、A Child Is Born、Silent Night......。活跃于当今乐坛的A1、Destiny's Child、Bruce Springsteen、Mariah Carey、Luther Vandross、Gloria Estefan等音乐巨星也纷纷出力，有不少新的圣诞歌曲问世。

　　圣诞老人Santa Claus圣诞老人

　　原指公元4世纪时小亚细亚专区的主教尼古拉，他因和蔼可亲慷慨济贫万里闻名。到了6世纪，东方把他尊称为圣尼古拉。由于民间有关尼古拉的传说中，都联系到少年儿童和礼物，从此，圣诞老人便成为专门在圣诞节向孩子们送礼物的慈祥老人的形象。到了18世纪，通过文学和绘画，圣诞老人逐渐成为身穿红外衣的白胡子、白眉毛老人形象。

　　圣诞礼物 Christmas Gift

　　据《圣经》记载，来自东方的圣人在耶稣降生的时候赠送礼物，这就是圣诞老人为儿童赠送礼品习俗的由来。英国孩子在圣诞前夕把长统袜子放在壁炉旁，相信圣诞老人在夜里会从大烟囱下来，给他们带来满袜子的礼物。法国的孩子把鞋放在门口，让圣婴来时把礼物放在鞋里面。

　　圣诞大餐 Christmas Dinner

　　正像国人过春节吃年夜饭一样，欧美人过圣诞节也很注重全家团聚，围坐在圣诞树下，共进节日美餐。圣诞大餐吃火鸡的习俗始于1620年，火鸡烤制工艺复杂，味道鲜美持久，以致麦兜小朋友垂涎三尺。这种风俗盛于美国。英国人的圣诞大餐是烤鹅，而非火鸡。奥大利人爱在平安夜里，全家老小约上亲友成群结队地到餐馆去吃一顿圣诞大餐，其中，火鸡、腊鸡、烧牛仔肉和猪腿必不可少，同时伴以名酒，吃得大家欢天喜地。

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