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西餐礼仪须知

http://eat.csonline.com.cn 2007年12月12日10时3分星辰美食网

　　1、预约的窍门。越高档的饭店越需要事先预约。预约时，不仅要说清人数和时间，也要表明是否要吸烟区或视野良好的座位。如果是生日或其他特别的日子，可以告知宴会的目的和预算。在预定时间内到达，是基本的礼貌。

　　2、再昂贵的休闲服，也不能随意穿着上餐厅。

　　3、吃饭时穿着得体是欧美人的常识。去高档的餐厅,男士要穿着整洁的上衣和皮鞋；女士要穿套装和有跟的鞋子。如果指定穿正式服装的话，男士必须打领带。

　　4、由椅子的左侧入座。最得体的入座方式是从左侧入座。当椅子被拉开后，身体在几乎要碰到桌子的距离站直，领位者会把椅子推进来，腿弯碰到后面的椅子时，就可以坐下来。

　　5、用餐时，上臂和背部要靠到椅背，腹部和桌子保持约一个拳头的距离，两脚交叉的坐姿最好避免。

　　6、正式的全套餐点上菜顺序是：①菜和汤；②鱼肝油；③水果；④肉类；⑤乳酷酪⑥甜点和咖啡；⑦水果，还有餐前酒和餐酒。没有必要全部都点，点太多却吃不完反而失礼。稍有水准的餐厅都不欢迎只点前菜的人。前菜、主菜（鱼或肉择其一）加甜点是最恰当的组合。点菜并不是由前菜开始点，而是先选一样最想吃的主菜，再配上适合主菜的汤。

　　7、点酒时不要硬装内行。在高级餐厅里，会有精于品酒的调酒师拿酒单来。对酒不大了解的人，最好告诉他自己挑选的菜色、预算、喜爱的酒类口味，请调酒师帮忙挑选。

　　8、主菜若是肉类应搭配红酒，鱼类则搭配白酒。上菜之前，不妨来杯香槟、雪利酒或吉尔酒等较淡的酒。

　　9、餐巾在用餐前就可以打开。点完菜后，在前菜送来前的这段时间把餐巾打开，往内摺三分之一，让三分之二平铺在腿上，盖住膝盖以上的双腿部分。最好不要把餐巾塞入领口。

　　10、用三根手指轻握杯脚。酒类服务通常由服务员负责将少量酒倒入酒杯中，让客人鉴别一下品质是否有误。只须把它当成一种形式，喝一小口并回签Good。接着，侍者会来倒酒，这时，不要动手去拿酒杯，而应把酒杯放在桌上由侍者去倒。正确的握杯姿势是用手指轻握杯脚。为避免手的温度使酒温增高，应用大拇指、中指、食指握住杯脚，小指放在杯子的底台固定。

　　11、喝酒的方法。喝酒时绝对不能吸着喝，而是倾斜酒杯，像是将酒放在舌头上似的喝。轻轻摇动酒杯让酒与空气接触以增加酒味的醇香，但不要猛烈遥晃杯子。此外，一饮而尽，边喝边透过酒杯看人，都是失礼的行为。不要用手指擦杯沿上的口红印，用面巾纸擦较好。

　　12、喝汤也不能吸着喝。先用汤匙由后往前将汤舀起，汤匙的底部放在下唇的位置将汤送入口中。汤匙与嘴部呈45°角较好。身体上的半部略微前倾。碗中的汤剩下不多时，可用手指将碗略微抬高。如果汤用有握环的碗装，可直接拿住握环端起来喝。

　　13、面包的吃法。先用两手撕成小块，再用左手拿来吃的原则。吃硬面包时，用手撕不但费力而且面包屑会掉满地，此时可用刀先切成两半，再用手撕成块来吃。避免像用锯子似割面包，应先把刀刺入另一半。切时可用手将面包固定，避免发出声响。

　　14、鱼的吃法。鱼肉极嫩易碎，因此餐厅常不备餐刀而备专用的汤匙。这种汤匙比一般喝汤用的稍大，不但可切分菜肴，还能将调味汁一起舀起来吃。若要吃其他混合的青菜类食物，还是使用叉子为宜。首先用刀在鱼鳃附近刺一条直线，刀尖不要刺透，刺入一半即可。将鱼的上半身挑开后，从头开始，将刀叉在骨头下方，往鱼尾方向划开，把针骨剔掉并挪到盘子的一角。最后再把鱼尾切掉。由左至右面，边切边吃。

　　15、如何使用刀叉。基本原则是右手持刀或汤匙，左手拿叉。若有两把以上，应由最外面的一把依次向内取用。刀叉的拿法是轻握尾端，食指按在柄上。汤匙则用握笔的方式拿即可。如果感觉不方便，可以换右手拿叉，但更换频繁则显得粗野。吃体积较大的蔬菜时，可用刀叉来折叠、分切。较软的食物可放在叉子平面上，用刀子整理一下。

　　16、略事休息时，刀叉的摆法。如果吃到一半想放下刀叉略作休息，应把刀叉以八字形状摆在盘子中央。若刀叉突出到盘子外面，不安全也不好看。边说话边挥舞刀叉是失礼举动。用餐后，将刀叉摆成四点钟方向即可。

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