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中秋佳节的各地美食
http://eat.csonline.com.cn  2007年09月12日16时51分   星辰美食网

  八月十五中秋佳节,正是春华秋实,一年辛勤劳动结出丰硕果实的季节。届时家家都要轩置办佳肴美酒,怀着丰收的喜悦,欢度佳节,从而形成我国丰富多采的中秋饮食风俗。

  吃月饼

  “中秋佳节吃月饼”,是我国流传已久的传统风俗。每当风清月朗、桂香沁人之际,家家尝月饼、赏月亮,喜庆团圆,别有风味。

  月饼作为一种形如圆月,内含佳馅的食品,在北宋时期就已出现。诗人兼品味家的苏东坡就有“小饼如嚼月,中有酥和饴”的诗句。而作为一种食品,称为“月饼”,则始见于南宋《武林旧事·蒸作饮食》。当时,杭州民间就有“以月饼相馈,取中秋团圆之意”。到了元朝末年,月饼已成为中秋节日美点。

  吃南瓜

  江南各地过中秋节,有钱人家吃月饼,穷苦人家有吃南瓜的风俗。

  “八月半吃南瓜”的风俗是怎样来的呢?传说很久很久以前,南山脚住着一户穷苦人家,双亲年老,膝下只有一女,名叫黄花,美丽、聪明、善良、勤劳。那时连年灾荒,黄花的父母年老多病,加上缺衣少食,病在床上,奄奄一息。那天八月十五,黄花在南山杂草丛中,发现两只扁圆形野瓜。她采了回来,煮给父母吃。香喷喷、甜滋滋,两老吃了食欲大增,病体也好了。黄花姑娘就把瓜子种在地里,第二年果然生根发芽,长出许多圆圆的瓜来,因为这是从南山采来的,就叫南瓜。从此,每年八月十五那一天,江南家家户户流传着八月半吃老南瓜烧糯米饭的风俗。

  吃田螺

  至于中秋食田螺,则在清咸丰年间的《顺德县志》有记:“八月望日,尚芋食螺。”民间认为,中秋田螺,可以明目。据分析,螺肉营养丰富,而所含的维生素A又是眼睛视色素的重要物质。食田螺可明目,言之成理。但为什么一定要在中秋节特别热衷于食之呢。中秋前后,是田螺空怀的时候,腹内无小螺,因此,肉质特别肥美。是食田螺的最佳时节。如今在广州民间,不少家庭在中秋期间,都有炒田螺的习惯。

  吃芋头

  中秋食芋头,则寓意辟邪消灾,并有表示不信邪之意。清乾隆癸未年的《潮州府志》曰:“中秋玩月,剥芋头食之,谓之剥鬼皮”。剥鬼而食之,大有钟馗驱鬼的气概,可敬。

  饮桂花酒

  每逢中秋之夜,人们仰望着月中丹桂,闻着阵阵桂香,喝一杯桂花蜜酒,欢庆合家甜甜蜜蜜,欢聚一堂,已成为节日的一种美的享受。

  桂花不仅可供观赏,而且还有食用价值。屈原的《九歌》中,便有“援骥斗兮酌桂浆”、“奠桂兮椒浆”的诗句。可见我国饮桂花酿酒的年代,已是相当久远了。

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